EDITORIAL

Katerina Vardalaki
Independent Researcher
(Freelance Intelligence and OSINT Analyst, Chania, Greece)
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Copyright: @ 2025 Research Institute for European and American Studies (www.rieas.gr) Publication date: 1 January 2026

Note: The article reflects the opinion of the author and not necessarily the views of the Research Institute for European and American Studies.

When the initial boom of what targeted global marketing coined as AI (Artificial Intelligence), Large Language Models (LLMs) came to the forefront of global news. The initial reaction wasn’t as dismissive as it may be today by the general public, nor were there active hypotheses that AI would cause a behavioral and cognitive decline. The reason was simple: Who wouldn’t want to fully automate mundane tasks, repetitive daily chores without significant meaning that take up space, time and thinking power in the day to day grind? Key words being here the adjective “mundane” and the verb “automate” ... Read more

Demetrios Tsailas (ret Admiral)
(He has taught for many years, operational planning, strategy, and security, to senior officers at the Supreme Joint War College. He is a member and researcher of the Institute for National and International Security)

Copyright: @ 2025 Research Institute for European and American Studies (www.rieas.gr) Publication date: 20 December 2025

Note: The article reflects the opinion of the author and not necessarily the views of the Research Institute for European and American Studies

Abstract

This article examines Turkey’s defence-industrial transformation from the aftermath of the 1974 Cyprus arms embargo to its current pursuit of strategic autonomy and power projection. It argues that Ankara’s defence-industrial policy has evolved beyond procurement into a central instrument of national strategy, fusing industrial development, military capability, and foreign policy. ... Read more

Riaan Eksteen
(University of the Free State, South Africa)

Copyright @ 2025: https://scientiamilitaria.journals.ac.za/pub/article/view/1538 - Scientia Militaria - Military Studies – South Africa Journal – Vol. 53. No. 2, 2025 – Reposted at RIEAS in 14 December 2025.

Note: The article reflects the opinion of the author and not necessarily the views of the Research Institute for European and American Studies

This article reports on South African foreign policy in the context of the changing dynamics of Pres. Donald Trump’s second term of office. It contends that South Africa has faced difficulties in adjusting to these developments and new foreign policy imperatives. The foreign policy of a country is profoundly influenced by its domestic realities. The Trump administration has implemented substantial changes in the foreign policy of the United States of America, marked by assertive negotiating strategies and an emphasis on economic, national interest and security priorities, which have compromised international partnerships. Read more

Demetrios Tsailas (ret Admiral)
(He has taught for many years, operational planning, strategy, and security, to senior officers at the Supreme Joint War College. He is a member and researcher of the Institute for National and International Security)

Copyright: @ 2025 Research Institute for European and American Studies (www.rieas.gr) Publication date: 7 December 2025

Note: The article reflects the opinion of the author and not necessarily the views of the Research Institute for European and American Studies

For half a century, the Republic of Turkey has been methodically reshaping its defence establishment, from a dependent importer of Western arms to an increasingly self-sufficient producer and exporter of military technology. Behind this transformation lies not only an industrial strategy, but a calculated political design: to elevate Turkey from a regional middle power into an autonomous pole of influence with the ability to project power across multiple theatres.... Read more

Stella Gerani
(Senior Analyst in the Research Institute for European and American Studies (RIEAS) and a Postdoctoral Fellow at the Leonard Davis Institute for International Relations, Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Her research examines Turkey’s strategic expansion into Africa through hybrid engagement strategies that blur the boundaries between soft and hard power)

Copyright: @ 2025 Research Institute for European and American Studies (www.rieas.gr) Publication date: 29 November 2025

Note: The article reflects the opinion of the author and not necessarily the views of the Research Institute for European and American Studies

On the occasion of the centenary of the Republic of Turkey, President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan unveiled his vision for Turkey’s second century, termed the “Century of Türkiye.” [‘Launch Event for the Century of Türkiye Program,’ Presidency of Republic of Türkiye, (28 October 2022) ... Read more

Demetrios Tsailas (ret Admiral)
(He has taught for many years, operational planning, strategy, and security, to senior officers at the Supreme Joint War College. He is a member and researcher of the Institute for National and International Security)

Copyright: @ 2025 Research Institute for European and American Studies (www.rieas.gr) Publication date: 23 November 2025

Note: The article reflects the opinion of the author and not necessarily the views of the Research Institute for European and American Studies

Abstract

“Old Theatres – New Challenges,” captures with precision the transformation we are witnessing across the maritime domain. Historic basins of maritime activity—from the Atlantic and Indian Oceans to the Greater Mediterranean—are confronted with new covers of complexity: technological acceleration, evolving security norms, pressure on critical infrastructure, and the rise of non-traditional threats that shape the boundaries between peace, competition, and conflict... Read more